A velocity field is given by u=x^{2} + y and v= x^{3} + 2y. Find the circulation around a closed contour which is defined by x = 1, y = 0, y = 1 and x = 0. Units of u and v are in m/s.
A velocity field is given by u=x^{2} + y and v= x^{3} + 2y. Find the circulation around a closed contour which is defined by x = 1, y = 0, y = 1 and x = 0. Units of u and v are in m/s.
Circulation around a rectangular contour
The closed contour is a square and its corner are at A(0,0), B(1,0), C(1,1), D(0,1).
Circulation is given by \Gamma =\int _{ABCD}udx + vdy
\Rightarrow\Gamma = \int_{A}^{B}udx + \int_{B}^{C}vdy+\int_{C}^{D}udx+\int_{D}^{A}vdy
=\int_{0}^{1}\left ( x^{2}+y \right )dx + \int_{0}^{1}\left ( x^{3}+2y \right )dy+\int_{1}^{0}\left ( x^{2}+ y \right )dx + \int_{1}^{0}\left ( x^{3}+2y \right )dy
In the first integral, y=0, in second integral x=1, in the third integral, y=1 and in the fourth integral x=0.
=\int_{0}^{1}\left ( x^{2} \right )dx + \int_{0}^{1}\left ( 1 + 2y \right )dy + \int_{1}^{0}\left ( x^{2} + 1 \right )dx + \int_{1}^{0}\left ( 2y \right ) dy
=\left | \frac{x^{3}}{3} \right |_{0}^{1}+\left | y+ \frac{2y^{2}}{2} \right |_{0}^{1}+\left | \frac{x^{3}}{3} + x \right |_{1}^{0}+\left | \frac{2y^{2}}{2} \right |_{1}^{0}
=\left [ \frac{1}{3} \right ]+\left [ 1+1 \right ]+\left [ -\frac{1}{3}-1 \right ]+\left [ -1 \right ]=0